The ASL alphabet
One handshape per letter. Spell anything you don't know the sign for yet. These are the classic Gallaudet illustrations.

Closed fist, thumb resting along the side of the index finger.

Flat open hand, fingers together, thumb folded across the palm.

Fingers and thumb curve together into a C shape.

Index finger up, the other fingertips touch the thumb to form a circle.

Fingers bend down so the fingertips rest against the thumb. A closed claw.

Thumb and index touch in a circle, the other three fingers stay straight up.

Index finger points sideways with the thumb parallel under it.

Index and middle fingers held together, pointing sideways, thumb tucked in.

Fist with the pinky sticking straight up.

Pinky up like the letter I, then draw a J in the air with it.

Index finger up, middle finger angled out, thumb tucked between the two.

Index finger up and thumb out, forming a letter L.

Three fingers folded down over the thumb.

Two fingers folded down over the thumb.

Fingers and thumb curve together into a round O.

Same shape as K, but the hand points downward.

Same shape as G, but the hand points downward.

Index and middle fingers crossed over each other.

Fist with the thumb crossing in front of the fingers.

Thumb tucked up between the index and middle fingers.

Index and middle fingers up, held tightly together.

Index and middle fingers up, spread apart like a V.

Index, middle and ring fingers up and spread apart.

Index finger bent into a hook.

Thumb and pinky out, the middle three fingers down.

Index finger out, drawing a letter Z in the air.
Numbers
Watch the palm. Some numbers flip depending on which way you face, and 6 through 9 all touch the thumb.

Index finger up, everything else closed. Palm toward you.

Index and middle fingers up in a V. Palm toward you.

Thumb, index and middle fingers up. Palm toward you.

Four fingers up and spread, thumb tucked into the palm.

All five fingers up and spread wide.

Pinky finger touches the thumb, the other fingers stay up. Palm out.

Ring finger touches the thumb, the others stay up. Palm out.

Middle finger touches the thumb, the others stay up. Palm out.

Index finger touches the thumb in a circle, the others stay up. Palm out.
Thumbs-up, given a little shake or twist. No picture needed for this famous one.

All fingers curve together into an O shape.
Greetings and the basics
The first signs anyone should learn. Your face does a lot of the talking in ASL, so sign with expression.
Hold a flat hand up beside your forehead, then move it forward and away. Like a casual salute.
Watch it in motionFingers of a flat hand bend down and up a few times, like a little wave going down.
Watch it in motionFlat hand, fingertips touch your chin, then move forward and down toward the person you are thanking.
Watch it in motionFlat hand circles on your chest, moving in a couple of clockwise circles.
Watch it in motionFist circles over your heart a few times, with a pained face. The face carries the apology.
Watch it in motionFist nods up and down, like a head saying yes.
Watch it in motionIndex and middle fingers tap down onto the thumb, like a little beak closing. Nope.
Watch it in motionBlock the light with one hand, then sign morning with the other. Daylight combo.
Watch it in motionBlock the light, then one hand arcs down behind the other like the sun setting.
Watch it in motionBoth bent hands roll upward and turn toward each other. Then wait for the answer.
Watch it in motionTwo index fingers tap together twice, then point toward the person you are naming.
Watch it in motionFlat hands slide apart and then nod down together. Nice, then a happy little dip.
Watch it in motionFist with the thumb up rests on your flat open palm, and both hands lift up together.
Watch it in motionFlat hand starts at the chin and drops into your other open palm. All good.
Watch it in motionPeople and family
Mom signs at the chin, dad at the forehead. That's the whole trick for most family signs.
Thumb of a closed hand taps your chin.
Watch it in motionThumb of a closed hand taps your forehead.
Watch it in motionBoth hands in F handshapes arc outward from each other, drawing a circle around the group.
Watch it in motionIndex fingers hook together, then unhook and hook the other way.
Watch it in motionArms cradle and rock a little. Everybody knows this one.
Watch it in motionSign boy (fingers close on the forehead), then bring two index fingers together. Boy, same.
Watch it in motionSign girl (thumb strokes down the cheek), then bring two index fingers together. Girl, same.
Watch it in motionFingers close down on the forehead, like grabbing the brim of a cap.
Watch it in motionThumb of an open hand strokes down along the cheek and jaw.
Watch it in motionFlat hand starts at the forehead and drops down the chest. A gentleman.
Watch it in motionFlat hand starts at the chin and drops down the chest. The mirror of man.
Watch it in motionFeelings
Feeling signs are the most facial-expression-heavy signs in the language. Don't hold back.
Flat hand brushes up your chest in little circles, face bright. The face does half the work.
Watch it in motionFingertips of both hands slide down your face, like the tears are falling.
Watch it in motionClaw hands squeeze on your chest and face, turning red. Big facial expression.
Watch it in motionOpen hands jerk up near your body, then freeze. A jolt.
Watch it in motionCrossed arms over your chest, hugging and squeezing. The hug is the sign.
Watch it in motionBoth bent hands rest on the chest, then drop down. Batteries empty.
Watch it in motionOpen hands with wiggling middle fingers move up your chest. Butterflies.
Watch it in motionThumb of an open hand touches the center of your chest, fingers open and relaxed. You feel fine.
Watch it in motionEveryday words
The stuff you actually say all day: eat, drink, phone, bathroom, stop.
Fingertips of a rounded hand tap the mouth a few times. Chomp chomp.
Watch it in motionA C handshape tips up toward your mouth, like lifting a cup.
Watch it in motionThe W handshape taps your chin. Water taps the chin, drink does the motion.
Watch it in motionFingertips touch your mouth, then the hand closes near your cheek. Home is where the hand ends up.
Watch it in motionOne fist taps the back of the other fist a couple of times. Rolling up the sleeves.
Watch it in motionTwo flat hands clap down twice, like slapping erasers on a board.
Watch it in motionPalms pressed together, then swing open like you are opening a book.
Watch it in motionThumb and pinky stick out, thumb by the ear, pinky by the mouth.
Watch it in motionA T handshape (thumb tucked between index and middle finger) shakes side to side. T for toilet.
Watch it in motionFlat hand slides down over your face while the head tilts, landing into your other palm.
Watch it in motionFingertips of both hands touch each other repeatedly, like pinching more.
Watch it in motionFlat hand chops down into your other open palm. That is enough.
Watch it in motionQuestions
Ask with your eyebrows up. In ASL, raised brows turn any sentence into a question.
Palms up, shoulders shrug up with them. Your face says it too.
Watch it in motionIndex finger up, shaking side to side with your brows up.
Watch it in motionThumb touches your chin while the index finger curls toward it.
Watch it in motionIndex finger taps the tip of the other index finger, then circles around and taps again.
Watch it in motionFingertips of one hand touch your forehead, then swing out into a Y handshape at the chin.
Watch it in motionTwo bent hands, knuckles up, roll forward and turn to face up. Then wait.
Watch it in motionCuss words
Yes, ASL swears. These descriptions come straight from documented ASL references, not internet rumors. Which is why the last card exists.
The middle finger, held toward someone and pointed at them. The classic. In the 1980s a myth spread that the chin flick means this. It doesn't. See the last card.
Watch it in motionThe F handshape changes into a K, tapped together. ASL calls the abbreviated word a loan sign: F-K.
Watch it in motionTwo V hands tap twice, dominant hand on top, like two pairs of legs. The exact same sign as sex; your face picks the meaning.
Watch it in motionA D handshape held forward, then shoved down and to the right in an arc, as if damning someone to hell.
Watch it in motionSame arc shove as damn, but with an H handshape instead. Damn's calmer cousin.
Watch it in motionJam the thumb of your dominant hand down into the fist of your other hand. Ouch, exclamatory.
Watch it in motionA thumbs-up in one hand; the other hand grips the thumb and pulls it upward. Yes, that is really the sign.
Watch it in motionPointer and pinkie extended, thrust the hand forward. For a joking that's-BS, just sign the letters B S. The two-horns version people show online is New Zealand Sign Language, not ASL.
Watch it in motionThe thumb and index side of a B handshape strikes the chin, contact on the index side. Often confused with the sign for be, or breakfast.
Watch it in motionThe exact same strike as bitch, but located on the forehead instead of the chin.
Watch it in motionThe OK gesture held at chest level with the thumb on top. Also signed by tapping an A twice on the side of the head, or rocking an F downward from the wrist twice.
Watch it in motionA D handshape tapping the nose. Short and efficient.
Watch it in motionThe middle finger of a P handshape touches the nose tip, then opens out into an F. Piss, plus a one-letter O-F-F.
Watch it in motionAn open hand, fingers cupped in a C with the thumb out, waves under the side of the chin twice. Or the back of a B hand brushes the cheek twice.
Watch it in motionThe back of a dominant B hand flips out under the chin. It literally means so what. The myth that it means something worse started in the 1980s.
Watch it in motion




